After watching this video of Rep Gohmert read through the opinion of Justice Roberts, it does seem that the theory that he (Justice Roberts) changed his vote at the last minute may, in fact, be true. (See the article following from Fox News today) Rep. Louie Gohmert (TX-01) spoke on the House floor and spoke about the
decision made by the Supreme Court to uphold Obamacare. He walked the
viewers through the Supreme Court opinion.
Did Roberts flip? Clues suggest court initially had the votes to strike down ObamaCare
While Republicans gasped as Chief Justice John Roberts joined
the Supreme Court's liberal wing in upholding the federal health care
overhaul, clues in the dissent suggest the conservative jurist may have
originally sided against the law.
Perhaps the country will never know, but legal experts have seized on
a string of passages in the dissent that indicate their opinion was
originally written as the majority ruling -- one that would have struck
down the law in its entirety.
Theories abound as to what clues the dissent offers. Did the minority
justices simply set out to write their opinion with the confidence of a
majority, without ever having five justices on board? Or did Roberts
flip, perhaps under pressure to let stand an historic piece of
legislation and/or battle the perception of the high court as partisan?
"I suspect ... the chief switched very late in the game," constitutional lawyer David Rivkin told FoxNews.com.
Further, Rivkin speculated that the remaining conservative justices
in the minority left a trail of clues for the public to find. "To say
that they're angry, I think, is an understatement." Skeptics like Rivkin point to:
The fact that the dissent repeatedly referred to liberal justice
Ruth Bader Ginsburg's argument as the "dissent," suggesting she was at
one time in the minority.
The commanding tone of the conservative justices' language.
The way the dissent addresses the pivotal issue of whether the law's so-called individual mandate penalty can count as a tax.
In its 5-4 ruling, the Roberts-led majority concluded that the
penalty for not buying health insurance can be construed as a tax, and
therefore fall within Congress' legal authority to tax.
But in the dissent, the anti-ObamaCare justices wrote about that
argument as if it were never seriously considered -- referring to the
argument as "feeble."
They described one detail against that argument as the "nail in the coffin," as if the claim had been shot down entirely.
In a telling portion, the justices wrote: "Finally, we must observe
that rewriting (the penalty) as a tax in order to sustain its
constitutionality would force us to confront a difficult constitutional
question: whether this is a direct tax that must be apportioned among
the States according to their population. ... Perhaps it is not."
The justice then added: "(we have no need to address the point)."
Paul Campos, a law professor at the University of Colorado at
Boulder, seized on this language to argue that the dissenters were
originally in the majority. He wrote: "... the only reason the Court
would not have to address this question is if the majority in fact
refused to construe the mandate as a tax."
Campos suggested in a Salon.com opinion piece that Roberts switched his vote, and that the dissent makes this clear.
Hannah Smith, a former clerk for Justices Clarence Thomas and Samuel
Alito, said another clue to suggest this was originally a majority
opinion is that the justices referred to themselves as "we" -- language
typically reserved for a majority ruling.
"It definitely has the flavor of something that looks like it was
written as a draft majority to begin with, and then turned into a
dissent," Smith told FoxNews.com. "Now the question is, of course, whose
majority opinion was it? ... And we'll never know that."
Smith, who now works with a group that is suing the Obama
administration over another part of the health care law, also pointed to
the fact that the dissent referred to Ginsburg's argument repeatedly as
the "dissent."
The meaning of those passages, though, is unclear.
Some have pointed out that Ginsburg was actually in the minority on
the issue of whether the mandate was permissible under the Commerce
Clause. Ginsburg thought it was, but most of the justices disagreed.
If that is all the dissenting justices were referring to, then
referring to Ginsburg's argument as the "dissent" could be construed as
correct.
But Rivkin and others said the rest of the dissent makes clear the
conservative justices were referring to the liberal justices' entire
argument.
Rivkin noted that in the key section on whether the penalty is a tax,
the dissenting justices did not refer to Roberts' opinion. Instead they
referred only to the argument of the "government."
"It debunks the government's tax argument. It does not debunk the
chief's tax argument," Rivkin said. He said this suggests five justices
were on board before one of them flipped.
This was a very powerful speech by Rep Gowdy.~"Trey Gowdy consistently
delivers every single time he gets the mic. And this speech is both
passionate and epic as he defends once again the need for this contempt
vote. Best speech of the day:
Bipartisan Resolution Passes 255-67, Including 17 Democrats
The U.S. House of Representatives has approved a
resolution holding Attorney General Eric Holder in contempt of Congress
over his refusal to produce Operation Fast and Furious documents
subpoenaed last October.
The vote on H.Res. 711, making a finding of
contempt, was approved by a vote of 255 to 67.
Seventeen Democrats
crossed party lines to join the majority in the finding of contempt
against Attorney General Eric Holder.
The House is also scheduled to
vote later today on H.Res. 706, authorizing civil action in courts to
compel production of subpoenaed documents.
House Oversight and
Government Reform Committee Chairman Darrell Issa issued this statement
following passage:
“My message to my
colleagues and others who have fought for answers: We are still
fighting for the truth and accountability – for the family of murdered
Border Patrol Agent Brian Terry, for whistleblowers who have faced
retaliation, and for countless victims of Operation Fast and Furious in
Mexico. Unless President Obama relents to this bipartisan call for
transparency and an end to the cover-up, our fight will move to the
courts where we will prevail in getting the documents that the Justice
Department and President Obama’s flawed assertion of executive privilege
have denied the American people.” Read More
The Supreme
Court announced, Thursday, that the entire Affordable Care Act is
upheld. They did issue some limits on the Medicaid portion of the bill.
Chief Justice John Roberts appears to be the crucial fifth vote. This is
the final case of the 2011 term.
We will bring you the full
details of the Health Care decision as it is announced as well as
reaction from the White House and Congress, live on C-SPAN3 and C-SPAN.org.
From
the decision: "Our precedent demonstrates that Congress had the power
to impose the exaction in Section 5000A under the taxing power, and that
Section 5000A need not be read to do more than impose a tax. This is
sufficient to sustain it."
Regarding the Medicaid portion of the act, the
opinion held the expansion of the low-income health insurance
constitutional, but said that the federal government couldn't withhold
funds for the program from states that don't comply with federal
provisions.
Chief Justice Roberts wrote in his opinion, "nothing
in our opinion precludes Congress from offering funds under the ACA to
expand the availability of health care, and requiring that states
accepting such funds comply with the conditions on their use. What
Congress is not free to do is to penalize States that choose not to
participate in that new program by taking away their existing Medicaid
funding."
Sen. Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-NV) spoke on the Senate floor, saying "our Supreme Court has spoken, the matter is settled."
In
March, the U.S. Supreme Court held three days of oral arguments on the
multi-state lawsuit challenging the health care law. On March 26, 27 and
28 the Court Justices sat for a combined six hours to determine the
constitutionality of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The
case is officially known as Florida v. Department of Health & Human
Services.
The court heard arguments on four issues related to the
case: whether the court has jurisdiction over a tax law that has yet to
take effect, whether the individual mandate is constitutional, whether
the court can strike down only part of the law without striking down the
law in its entirety, and whether the law's extension of Medicaid is
constitutional.
Because the court upheld the individual mandate, they did not need to address severability.
In addition to the health care ruling, decisions on the following two cases are being handed down:
In U.S. v. Alvarez,
which deals with a federal law that criminalizes false statements about
military honors, the law was struck down as unconstitutional.
In First American Financial Corporation v. Edwards, a
real estate case that asks whether a buyer has the right to sue if he
was steered toward a certain title company due to a kickback, the case
was dismissed.
On Monday, the Supreme Court handed down a decision
in three other cases, including a widely anticipated ruling on
Arizona's controversial immigration law.
In Arizona v. United States,
the Supreme Court struck down three other provisions that include
making it a crime for illegal immigrants to seek work in Arizona,
allowing officers to arrest people without a warrant if the officer has
probably cause to believe the person is an illegal immigrant and making
it a crime for immigrants to be in Arizona without their immigration
papers.
The Supreme Court also issued decisions on a case
affirming Citizens United and two cases dealing with life sentences for
juvenile criminals.
In Miller v. Alabama and Jackson v. Hobbs, the Court ruled that the Eighth Amendment prohibits mandatory life sentences without parole for juveniles.
In the Montana campaign finance decision,
the Court struck down a law limiting corporate campaign spending and
reaffirming that Citizens United applied to state campaign finance laws.
A political website that contained stinging criticism of the Obama
administration and its handling of the Fast and Furious scandal was
ordered to be shut down by the Obama campaign’s ‘Truth Team’, according
to private investigator Douglas Hagmann, who was told by ISP GoDaddy his
site contained information that was “maliciously harmful to individuals
in the government.”
Hagmann, CEO of Hagmann Investigative Services, Inc., a private
investigative agency serving a roster of Fortune 500 clients, was given
48 hours by GoDaddy to find a new home for his website before it was
deleted.
Hagmann was told the reason for the shut down was because the website
featured “morally objectionable” material. After GoDaddy refused to
identify the complainant, only saying that it was not “any official
government agency,” further investigation by Hagmann revealed that the
order came from a group tied to Obama campaign headquarters.
Speaking with the chief investigator in the GoDaddy Abuse division,
Hagmann discovered, “Ultimately it was found that the complaint
originated ostensibly with a group associated with the campaign to
re-elect Barack Hussein Obama.”
Turning to his contacts within government, Hagmann then spoke with
another source who confirmed that the ‘Obama Truth Team’ was responsible
for the shut down order.
If this extremely disturbing video does not result in a Federal
investigation into the human rights violations of those Christians
physically attacked at the 2012 Dearborn Arab Festival then we are
watching the beginning of a new America, a MUSLIM AMERICA.
In
this new America, a MUSLIM AMERICA, shariah-compliant Muslims have
succeeded in striking fear into the hearts of the infidels. In the case
of the Dearborn Arab Festival, you will see that the infidels are NOT
the few, brave Christians who withstood the physical attacks by the
blood-thirsty Muslims, but the fearful are those who have taken an oath
to protect Americans. The fearful, are the Dearborn Sheriff and Police.
Sadly, you will see the Police fearful of confronting the criminals and
enforcing the law as they stand by watching "Muslims Gone Wild," attack
the helpless Christians.
The United West predicts that success
of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt combined with the mounting fury of
the "Arab Spring," coupled with the support of President Obama will
result in an expansive, "strong-horse" onslaught of Muslim physical
aggression, similar to this Dearborn disaster, all across the new,
MUSLIM AMERICA. H/T The Gateway Pundit Via Joe Miller
Elena Kagan's $20 Million Commitment to Destroying the Republic
What would you say if you learned that a member of the highest court in
the land has spent the last 30 years openly advocating for the
destruction of the US Constitution and even went so far as to accept $20
million from Shariah Law proponents to accomplish her goal?
That Supreme Court Justice is Elena Kagan.
The year after Ronald Reagan entered the Oval Office with the goal of
restoring America to greatness; Elena Kagan penned a telling and
disturbing senior thesis titled "To the Final Conflict: Socialism in New
York City, 1900-1933." In that body of work, Kagan lamented that "a
coherent socialist movement is nowhere to be found in the United
States"; and that," no "radical party" had yet "attained the status of a
major political force." Kagan went on to sound a rally cry for "those
who, more than half a century after socialism's decline, still wish to
change America."
Apparently, this was no mere college
dalliance, as the Elena Kagan has spent the rest of her career working
to remove the underpinnings of freedom and destroy the American
Constitution from within. And Kagan's grand plan has worked very well
indeed.
After
graduate school Kagan went on to become Dean of Harvard Law, where she
removed Constitutional Law classes from the curriculum, and replaced
those necessary and time honored classes with required studies of
international law. And in what appears to be a game of using a mutual
enemy's resources to accomplish ones' true objective, Kagan also
accepted a $20 million grant from Saudi Prince Alwaleed bin Talal - a
noted Shariah Law proponent - to implement an "Islamic Studies" program.
Lest we think Kagan's intentions are ancient history, take a
look at her line of questioning when hearing the ObamaCare case last
week. Rather than question the thinly veiled socialist Trojan horse as
an affront to our Constitution, Kagan almost seemed willing to defend
ObamaCare and salvage the master plan to fundamentally change America
into a new Euro-socialist model.
By definition, our Supreme
Court is charged with upholding, defending and preserving the United
States Constitution. The Judges on the Supreme Court are meant to
protect our freedom, not destroy it. To do otherwise is nothing short of
treason.
ADVOCATES CHANGES TO THE U.S. CONSTITUTION
ACCEPTED $20 MILLION FROM SHARIAH LAW ADVOCATES
TELL CONGRESS TO REMOVE KAGAN FROM THE SUPREME COURT
Ann
Barnhardt is described as "a livestock and grain commodity broker and
marketing consultant, American patriot, traditional Catholic, and
unwitting counter-revolutionary blogger. She can be reached through her
business at www.barnhardt.biz." She has taken on Islam and they have
noticed.
DEATH THREAT:
To:annbarnhardt I'm going to kill you when I find you.
Don't think I won't, I know where you and your parents live and I'll
need is one phone-call to kill ya'll.
ANN'S RESPONSE:Re: Watch your back.
Hello mufcadnan123!
You don't need to "find" me. My
address is 9175 Kornbrust Circle, Lone Tree, CO 80124.
Luckily for you, there are daily
DIRECT FLIGHTS from Heathrow to Denver . Here's what you will need to
do. After arriving at Denver and passing through customs, you will need
to catch the shuttle to the rental car facility. Once in your rental
car, take Pena Boulevard to I-225 south. Proceed on I-225 south to I-25
south. Proceed south on I-25 to Lincoln Avenue which is exit 193. Turn
right (west) onto Lincoln . Proceed west to the fourth light, and turn
left (south) onto Ridgegate Boulevard . Proceed south, through the
roundabout to Kornbrust Drive . Turn left onto Kornbrust Drive and then
take an immediate right onto Kornbrust Circle . I'm at 9175.
Just do me one favor. PLEASE wear body
armor. I have some new ammunition that I want to try out, and frankly,
close-quarter body shots without armor would feel almost unsporting from
my perspective. That and the fact that I'm probably carrying a good 50
I.Q. points on you makes it morally incumbent upon me to spot you a
tactical advantage.
However, being that you are a
miserable, trembling coward, I realize that you probably are incapable
of actually following up on any of your threats without losing control
of your bowels and crapping your pants while simultaneously sobbing
yourself into hyperventilation. So, how about this: why don't you
contact the main mosque here in Denver and see if some of the local
musloids here in town would be willing to carry out your attack for you?
After all, this is what your "perfect
man" mohamed did (pig excrement be upon him). You see, mohamed, being a
miserable coward and a con artist, would send other men into battle to
fight on his behalf. Mohamed would stay at the BACK of the pack and let
the stupid, ignorant suckers like you that he had conned into his
political cult do the actual fighting and dying. Mohamed would then
fornicate with the dead men's wives and children. You should follow
mohamed's example! Here is the contact info for the main mosque here in
Denver :
Masjid Abu Bakr
Imam Karim Abu Zaid
2071 South Parker Road
Denver, CO 80231
Phone: 303-696-9800
Email: denvermosque@yahoo.com
I'm sure they would be delighted to
hear from you. Frankly, I'm terribly disappointed that not a SINGLE
musloid here in the United States has made ANY attempt to rape and
behead me. But maybe I haven't made myself clear enough, so let me do
that right now.
I will NEVER, EVER, EVER submit to
islam. I will fight islam with every fiber of my being for as long as I
live because islam is pure satanic evil. If you are really serious about
islam dominating the United States and the world, you are going to have
to come through me. You are going to have to kill me. Good luck with
that. And understand that if you or some of your musloid boyfriends do
actually manage to kill me, The Final Crusade will officially commence
five minutes later, and then, despite your genetic mental retardation,
you will be made to understand with crystal clarity what the word
"defeat" means. Either way, I win, so come and get it.
Deo adjuvante non timendum (with the help of God there is nothing to be
afraid of).
Ann Barnhardt
VERIFIED IN TRUTH OF FICTION:
Summary of the eRumor:
This is a feisty response from an Colorado woman named Ann Barnhardt to a person who sent a message through her web site that included a death threat against her. Barnhardt is a livestock and grain commodity broker and marketing consultant who, among other things, has been critical of the Obama administration and of Islam.
The Truth:
Ann Barnhardt told TruthOrFiction.com that the death threat was real and so was her public response, which she posted on her web site. The death threat came from an alleged Muslim who posted a comment in July 2011 to a video that Barnhardt released on YouTube. Click for Barnhardt's website.
For three decades, the United States has declined to sign on to a
U.N. treaty that would give unprecedented taxing and permitting
authority over activity on international waters to a U.N.-created
agency.
National security analyst Frank Gaffney warns that signing the treaty
would cede a significant portion of American sovereignty to an
international body that is not electorally accountable to U.S. citizens.
“Suddenly, there isn’t a part of our society, our economy, our
industrial capacity that isn’t going to be at the mercy of people who
are completely unaccountable to us,” Gaffney told The Daily Caller’s
Ginni Thomas. “This is a question of sovereignty.”
“It’s a question of America as we have known it, and I believe
President Obama is determined to try and jam this through, because he
recognizes it will be the perfect complement to the other wrecking
operations that he’s been running against the rest of our country,” he
continued.
The treaty has support from companies like Shell Oil, business groups
like the American Petroleum Institute and U.S. Chamber of Commerce, and
elected and appointed officials like President Barack Obama, Sen. John
McCain and Defense Secretary Leon Panetta.
Gaffney, president of the Council for Security Policy, is urging
interested parties to read the treaty instead of taking other people’s
word that it benefits the U.S.
“What’s in this treaty is actually not in the interest of the oil and
gas industry,” he said. “What will flow from this treaty … is not going
to be in the interest of the United States Navy or the military, more
generally. And more to the point, it’s not going to be in the interest
of the American people.”
Former George W. Bush administration officials testified on the United
Nations Law of the Sea Treaty, an international convention that sets
rules for maritime travel and commerce. The treaty establishes a system
for resolving disputes in international waters and recognizes sovereign
rights over a country's continental shelf out to 200 nautical miles and
beyond if the country can provide evidence to substantiate its claims.
Rumsfeld, Donald - Secretary
Groves, Steven - Fellow
FULL VIDEO:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ WHAT CAN YOU DO TO STOP THIS?
PLEASE CONTACT YOUR SENATOR/REPRESENTATIVE AND TELL THEM TO VOTE 'NO' ON THIS TREATY.
The Left, supported by Obama’s political appointees in the DOD such
as Leon Panetta and Martin Dempsey (whom the Obama Admin has coached to
deliver testimonies favorable to the Law of the Sea Treaty), has renewed
its push to get the Law of the Sea Treaty ratified. If it is ratified,
it will bring about disastrous results for US sovereignty, prosperity,
businesses, and national security (especially, but not exclusively, the
Navy and naval operations).
For all of these reasons and more, we conservatives need to stop the
LOST treaty dead in its tracks. Specifically, we must make sure that
enough Senators will vote against it to stop it. 67 votes are needed to
ratify this abomination of a treaty; that means that if just 34 Senators
vote no, the treaty will be stopped. (Of course, if even more than just
34 Senators vote against it, it will be an even stronger signal, and we
may manage to kill the treaty once and for all, or at least for the
next few decades.)
How can we accomplish that? Only one way: by convincing as many GOP
Senators as possible to vote against this abomination of a treaty.
And how do we do that? By sending messages to them (and talking to
them or their staffers whenever possible). We need to use all means of
communication with them: the phone, e-mail, Facebook, Twitter, and
personal meetings.
Phone calls and emails are the most likely to reach your Senators
(or, at least, their closest staffers) and the most likely to result in a
reply. If you call your Senator’s office during business hours, it’s
almost certain that someone will pick up the phone (unless the lines are
occupied), listen to your arguments, and respond to you or promise to
convey your message to the Senator himself. If you email your Senator
(preferrably through the form provided on his/her website), the message
will reach his/her office immediately, be processed by the Intranet
Quorum program, and be ready by a staffer, who will likely reply and,
with any luck, convey the message to the Senator, especially if many
people send him emails urging him not to ratify the treaty.
Facebook posts on the Congressman’s wall might not be read, but if
enough people post the same message, especially in a thread pertaining
to a related subject (e.g. the Navy), there’s a good chance that the
Senator or his staffers will read these messages and take note.
Tweets may or may not be noticed by the staffers, let alone the
Senator himself, but if enough people send tweets on this issue, the
Senatator and his staff WILL hear the message.
So whichever avenue we use, and we should use all four, our chance of
succeeding depends on our NUMBERS. There must be enough of us to make
sure that Senators pay attention and act accordingly.
So not only should we call, email, and tweet them ourselves, we also need to get our friends to do the same.
What message should we convey to them?
We need to tell them the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the
truth about the treaty. We need to tell them that LOST would be
disastrous for America’s sovereignty, the economy, businesses, and
national security. We need to tell tem that the military would be
hog-tied and inhibited, while the country would have to surrender tens
of billions of dollars in royalties from the exploitation of its
undersea resources (e.g. oil and natural gas). And we need to remind
them that Ronald Reagan opposed the treaty for these (and other) reasons
and would’ve still opposed this treaty if he were alive.
We should make no secret of our opinion of this treaty and should not
mince words, but should avoid hyperbole and extreme words. We should be
polite, yet firm when speaking to them. And we need to treat these
Senators with respect for as long as they are in office. Remember, we
want them to agree with us. We want them to do something we are asking
them to do. We want them to be our allies – to be on our side. So we
must be friendly to them and treat them with respect. That applies even
to liberal and moderate Republicans such as Susan Collins, Olympia
Snowe, Bob Corker, and Lisa Murkowski.
So, folks, go time to roll up our sleeves and start campaigning. Call
your Senators, send them emails and tweets, and post messages on their
Facebook pages. Be firm, yet polite. Convince them to vote against the
LOST. Here’s a list of Senators who do not yet oppose the treaty (most
of whom can be swayed):
Kudos to the Wall Street Journal for laying out in an easily digested
manner the complicit pay-to-play scenario that was the Obama Auto
Bailout of 2009 – among the most blatant abuse of taxpayer dollars in
recent memory.
Sherk and Zywicki: Obama's United Auto Workers Bailout
If the administration treated the UAW in the manner
required by bankruptcy law, it could have saved U.S. taxpayers $26.5
billion.
President Obama touts the bailout of General Motors and Chrysler as
one of the signature successes of his administration. He argues that the
estimated $23 billion the taxpayers lost was worth paying to avoid
massive job losses. However, our research finds that the president could
have both kept the auto makers running and avoided losing money.
The preferential treatment given to the United Auto Workers accounts
for the American taxpayers' entire losses from the bailout. Had the UAW
received normal treatment in standard bankruptcy proceedings, the
Treasury would have recouped its entire investment. Three irregularities
in the bankruptcy case resulted in a windfall to the UAW.
First, GM and Chrysler owed billions of dollars to the union's
Voluntary Employee Beneficiary Association (VEBA) when they went
bankrupt. The union and the auto makers created VEBA in 2007 to assume
responsibility for the UAW's generous retiree health benefits. The
benefits allowed UAW members to retire in their mid-50s with minimal
out-of-pocket health-care expenses for the rest of their lives. GM owed
$20.6 billion and Chrysler owed $8 billion to VEBA as unsecured claims.
A bedrock principle of bankruptcy law is that creditors with similar
claims priority receive equal treatment. If you owe $1,000 each on two
credit cards, in bankruptcy you cannot choose to pay $900 to Citi and
only $200 to Chase. Each of the creditors is entitled to an equal
percentage recovery.
In the auto bankruptcies, however, the administration gave the
unsecured claims of VEBA much higher priority than those of other
unsecured creditors, such as suppliers and unsecured bondholders.
At the time of bankruptcy, GM owed these unsecured creditors $29.9
billion, for which they received 10% of the stock of "new" GM, which
went public in November 2010, and warrants to purchase 15% more at
preferred prices. Yet VEBA got 17.5% of new GM and $9 billion in
preferred stock and debt obligations. Based on GM's current stock price,
VEBA collected assets worth $17.8 billion—$12.2 billion more than if
the administration had treated it like the other unsecured creditors.
The same thing happened at Chrysler, only to a greater degree.
Chrysler's junior creditors recovered none of their $7 billion in
claims. In normal bankruptcy proceedings, the UAW would have also
collected nothing. Instead it walked away owning almost half of new
Chrysler and a $4.6 billion promissory note earning 9% interest. Had the
stock and note gone to the Treasury instead, the bailout would have
cost taxpayers $9.2 billion less.
The administration also insulated the UAW from most of the sacrifices
that unions usually make in bankruptcy—at taxpayer expense. Section
1113 of the Bankruptcy Code enables reorganizing companies to improve
their post-bankruptcy competitiveness by renegotiating union contracts
to competitive rates. In April, for example, American Airlines proposed
using this power to bring down its labor costs to the level of its
rivals, just as Delta and United had in earlier bankruptcy filings.
The administration decided not to do this at GM. The UAW did accept
sharp pay cuts for new hires. But they only made modest concessions for
their existing members, like eliminating the much-maligned Jobs Bank
that paid workers even when they were laid off.
Oh, say can you see
By the dawn's early light What so proudly we hailed At the twilight's last gleaming Whose broad stripes and bright stars Thru the perilous fight, O'er the ramparts we watched Were so gallantly streaming And the rocket's red glare, The bombs bursting in air Gave proof through the night That our flag was still there Oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave
Because we are the brave Yes we are the brave We'll fight tyranny In the name of the free We are the U.S. of A
For those unaware That flag is still there It's our future to save This land of the brave The U.S. of A
Oh say does that star spangled banner yet wave O'er the land, land of the free and the home of the brave
For more than 200 years, the American flag has been the symbol of our
nation's strength and unity. It's been a source of pride and
inspiration for millions of citizens. And it has been a prominent icon
in our national history. Here are the highlights of its unique past.
On January 1, 1776, the Continental Army was reorganized in
accordance with a Congressional resolution which placed American forces
under George Washington's control. On that New Year's Day the
Continental Army was laying siege to Boston which had been taken over by
the British Army. Washington ordered the Grand Union flag hoisted above
his base at Prospect Hill. It had 13 alternate red and white stripes
and the British Union Jack in the upper left-hand corner (the canton).
In May of 1776, Betsy Ross reported that she sewed the first American flag.
On June 14, 1777, in order to establish an official flag for the new
nation, the Continental Congress passed the first Flag Act: "Resolved,
That the flag of the United States be made of thirteen stripes,
alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a
blue field, representing a new Constellation."
Between 1777 and 1960, Congress passed several acts that changed the
shape, design and arrangement of the flag and allowed for additional
stars and stripes to be added to reflect the admission of each new
state.
Act of January 13, 1794 - provided for 15 stripes and 15 stars after May 1795.
Act of April 4, 1818 - provided for 13 stripes and one star for
each state, to be added to the flag on the 4th of July following the
admission of each new state, signed by President Monroe.
Executive Order of President Taft dated June 24, 1912 -
established proportions of the flag and provided for arrangement of the
stars in six horizontal rows of eight each, a single point of each star
to be upward.
Executive Order of President Eisenhower dated January 3, 1959 -
provided for the arrangement of the stars in seven rows of seven stars
each, staggered horizontally and vertically.
Executive Order of President Eisenhower dated August 21, 1959 -
provided for the arrangement of the stars in nine rows of stars
staggered horizontally and eleven rows of stars staggered vertically.
Today the flag consists of thirteen horizontal stripes, seven red
alternating with 6 white. The stripes represent the original 13
colonies, the stars represent the 50 states of the Union. The colors of
the flag are symbolic as well: Red symbolizes Hardiness and Valor, White symbolizes Purity and Innocence and Blue represents Vigilance,
Perseverance and Justice.
Flag Day, is a day for all Americans to celebrate and show respect for our
flag, its designers and makers. Our flag is representative of our independence
and our unity as a nation.....one nation, under God, indivisible. Our flag
has a proud and glorious history. It was at the lead of every battle fought
by Americans. Many people have died protecting it. It even stands proudly
on the surface of the moon.
As Americans, we have every right to be proud of our culture, our nation,
and our flag. So raise the flag today and every day with pride!
Properly Display Our Flag
There is a right way and a wrong way to display the flag. The American
flag should be held in the highest of regards. It represents our nation and
the many people who gave their lives for our country and our flag. Here are
the basics on displaying the American flag:
The flag is normally flown from sunrise to sunset.
In the morning, raise the flag briskly. At sunset, lower it slowly. Always,
raise and lower it ceremoniously.
The flag should not be flown at night without a light on it.
The flag should not be flown in the rain or inclement weather.
After a tragedy or death, the flag is flown at half staff for 30 days. It's
called "half staff" on land ,and "half mast" on a ship.
When flown vertically on a pole, the stars and blue field , or "union",
is at the top and at the end of the pole (away from your house).
The American flag is always flown at the top of the pole. Your state flag
and other flags fly below it.
The union is always on top. When displayed in print, the stars and blue
field are always on the left.
Never let your flag touch the ground, never...period.
Fold your flag when storing. Don't just stuff it in a drawer or box.
When your flag is old and has seen better days, it is time
to retire it. Old flags should be burned or buried. Please do not throw it
in the trash.
Did you Know? There is a very special ceremony for retiring the flag
by burning it. It is a ceremony everyone should see.Your local Boy Scout
group knows the proper ceremony and performs it on a regular basis. If you
have an old flag, give it to them. And, attend the ceremony.
Famous Flag People:Betsy Ross was a seamstress who made clothes for George Washington.
In June, 1776, Washington approached her to make the country's first flag
and the rest is history.
Francis Scott Key Inspired by the British bombardment of Fort McHenry,
Francis Scott Key penned the lyrics to our national anthem as he witnessed
the event as British rockets whizzed in the air while our American Flag flew
in the breeze
Did you Know? If you like to study flags, then you are a
Vexillologist!
Federal law stipulates many aspects of flag etiquette. The section of
law dealing with American Flag etiquette is generally referred to as
the Flag Code. Some general guidelines from the Flag Code answer many of
the most common questions:
The flag should be lighted at all times, either by sunlight or by an appropriate light source.
The flag should be flown in fair weather, unless the flag is designed for inclement weather use.
The flag should never be dipped to any person or thing. It is flown upside down only as a distress signal.
The flag should not be used for any decoration in general. Bunting of
blue, white and red stripes is available for these purposes. The blue
stripe of the bunting should be on the top.
The flag should never be used for any advertising purpose. It should
not be embroidered, printed or otherwise impressed on such articles as
cushions, handkerchiefs, napkins, boxes, or anything intended to be
discarded after temporary use. Advertising signs should not be attached
to the staff or halyard.
The flag should not be used as part of a costume or athletic uniform,
except that a flag patch may be used on the uniform of military
personnel, fireman, policeman and members of patriotic organizations.
The flag should never have any mark, insignia, letter, word, number,
figure, or drawing of any kind placed on it, or attached to it.
The flag should never be used for receiving, holding, carrying, or delivering anything.
When the flag is lowered, no part of it should touch the ground or
any other object; it should be received by waiting hands and arms. To
store the flag it should be folded neatly and ceremoniously.
The flag should be cleaned and mended when necessary.
When a flag is so worn it is no longer fit to serve as a symbol of
our country, it should be destroyed by burning in a dignified manner.
Read a more comprehensive set of flag etiquette rules for display of the American Flag.
American Flag Protocol — Rules for Display of the
American Flag
Display Outdoors:
Over the Middle of the Street:
It should be suspended vertically with the union to the north in an east
and west street or to the east in a north and south street.
Flown at Half-staff:
Should be first hoisted to the peak for an instant and then lowered to
the half-staff position. The flag should be again raised to the peak
before it is lowered for the day. By "half-staff" is meant lowering the
flag to one-half the distance between the top and bottom of the staff.
Crepe streamers may be affixed to spear heads or flagstaffs in a parade
only by order of the President of the United States.
Flown on the Same Halyard with Non-Nation Flags:
The American Flag should always be at the peak. When the flags are flown
from adjacent staffs, the flag of the United States should be hoisted
first and lowered last. No such flag or pennant may be placed above the
flag of the United States or to the right of the flag of the United
States.
Suspended Over a Sidewalk
The flag may be suspended from a rope extending from a house to a pole
at the edge of the sidewalk, the flag should be hoisted out, union
first, from the building.
From a Staff Projecting Horizontally or at an Angle
The flag may be projected from the window sill, balcony, or front of a
building, with the union of the flag placed at the peak of the staff
unless the flag is at half-staff.
In a Parade with Other Flags
The flag, when carried in a procession with another flag, or flags,
should be either on the marching right; that is, the flag's own right,
or, if there is a line of other flags, in front of the center of that
line.
With Non-National Flags
The flag of the United States of America should be at the center and at
the highest point of the group when a number of flags of States or
localities or pennants of societies are grouped and displayed from
staffs.
With Other National Flags
When flags of two or more nations are displayed, they are to be flown
from separate staffs of the same height. The flags should be of
approximately equal size. International usage forbids the display of the
flag of one nation above that of another nation in time of peace.
With Another Flag Against a Wall from Crossed Staffs
Should be on the right, the flag's own right which is the viewer's left,
and its staff should be in front of the staff of the other flag.
Display Indoors
From a Staff in a Church or Public Auditorium on a Podium:
The flag of the United States of America should hold the position of
superior prominence, in advance of the audience, and in the position of
honor at the clergyman's or speaker's right as he faces the audience.
Any other flag so displayed should be placed on the left of the
clergyman or speaker (to the right of the audience).
From a Staff in a Church or Public Auditorium off the Podium:
Custom and not the flag code hold that the flag of the United States of
America should hold the position of superior prominence as part of the
audience, in the position of honor at the audience's right.
Used to Cover a Casket:
It should be so placed that the union is at the head and over the left
shoulder. The flag should not be lowered into the grave or allowed to
touch the ground.
Other than being Flown from a Staff:
The flag should be displayed flat, whether indoors or out. When
displayed either horizontally or vertically against a wall, the union
should be uppermost and to the flag's own right, that is, to the
observer's left. When displayed in a window it should be displayed in
the same way, that is with the union or blue field to the left of the
observer in the street. When festoons, rosettes or drapings are desired,
bunting of blue, white and red should be used, but never the flag.
For decades, the poignant lines of a poem called “My Name Is Old Glory”
have been read at military retirements and patriotic ceremonies,
touching the hearts of many honored veterans and their families.
Composed
by an unsung marine named Howard Schnauber who served in both World War
II and the Korean War, the poem is not only an expression of
Schnauber’s personal feelings about “The Star-Spangled Banner” but
also a means of teaching others to appreciate and respect our nation’s
flag.
My Name Is Old Glory
I am the flag of the United States of
America
My name is Old Glory.
I fly atop the world's tallest
buildings.
I stand watch in America's halls of
justice.
I fly majestically over great institutes
of learning.
I stand guard with the greatest military
power in the world.
Look up! And see me!
I stand for peace, honor, truth, and
justice.
I stand for freedom.
I am confident . . . I am arrogant.
I am proud.
When I am flown with my fellow banners,
my head is a little higher,
my colors a little truer.
I bow to no one.
I am recognized all over the world.
I am worshipped.
I am saluted.
I am respected.
I am revered. I am loved.
And I am feared.
I have fought every battle of every war
for more than 200 years...Gettysburg, Shilo, Appomatox, San Juan
Hill, the trenches of France, the Argonne Forest, Anzio, Rome, the
beaches of Normandy, the deserts of Africa, the cane fields
of the Philippines, the rice paddies and jungles of Guam,
Okinawa, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and a score of places long forgotten by
all but those who were with me.
I was there!
I led my soldiers.
I followed them.
I watched over them...
They loved me.
I was on a small hill in Iwo Jima.
I was dirty, battle-worn and tired,
but
my soldiers cheered me,
and I was proud.
I have been soiled, burned, torn and
trampled on the streets of countries
I have helped set free.
It does not hurt . . . for I am invincible.
I have been soiled, burned, torn and
trampled on the streets of my country,
and when it is by those with whom I have
served in battle . . . it hurts.
But I shall overcome . . . for I am
strong.
I have slipped the bonds of Earth and stand watch over the uncharted new
frontiers of space from my vantage point on the moon.
I have been a silent witness to all of
America's finest hours.
But my finest hour comes when I am torn into strips to be used
for bandages
for my wounded comrades on the field of
battle, when I fly at half mast to honor my
soldiers, and when I lie in the trembling arms of a grieving mother at the graveside of
her fallen son.
I am proud.
My name is Old Glory.
Dear God . . . Long may I wave!
The second fold is a symbol of our belief in the eternal life.
The third fold is made in honor and remembrance of the veteran
departing our ranks who gave a portion of life for the defense of our
country to attain a peace throughout the world.
The fourth fold represents our weaker nature, for as American
citizens trusting in God, it is to Him we turn in times of peace as well
as in times of war for His divine guidance.
The fifth fold is a tribute to our country, for in the words of
Stephen Decatur, "Our country, in dealing with other countries, may she
always be right; but it is still our country, right or wrong."
The sixth fold is for where our hearts lie. It is with our
heart that we pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of
America, and to the republic for which it stands, one nation, under God,
indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.
The seventh fold is a tribute to our Armed Forces, for it is
through the Armed Forces that we protect our country and our flag
against all her enemies, whether they be found within or without the
boundaries of our republic.
The eighth fold is a tribute to the one who entered in to the
valley of the shadow of death, that we might see the light of day, and
to honor mother, for whom it flies on mother's day.
The ninth fold is a tribute to womanhood; for it has been
through their faith, love, loyalty and devotion that the character of
the men and women who have made this country great have been molded.
The tenth fold is a tribute to father, for he, too, has given
his sons and daughters for the defense of our country since they were
first born.
The eleventh fold, in the eyes of a Hebrew citizen, represents
the lower portion of the seal of King David and King Solomon, and
glorifies, in their eyes, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
The twelfth fold, in the eyes of a Christian citizen,
represents an emblem of eternity and glorifies, in their eyes, God the
Father, the Son, and Holy Ghost.
When the flag is completely folded, the stars are uppermost, reminding us of our national motto, "In God we Trust."
(Wait for the Honor Guard or Flag Detail to inspect the flag--after the inspection, resume reading.)
After the
flag is completely folded and tucked in, it takes on the appearance of a
cocked hat, ever reminding us of the soldiers who served under General
George Washington and the sailors and marines who served under Captain
John Paul Jones who were followed by their comrades and shipmates in the
Armed Forces of the United States, preserving for us the rights,
privileges, and freedoms we enjoy today.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Flag Retirement
The U.S. Flag Code states, "When a flag has served its useful
purpose, it should be destroyed, preferably by burning." For individual
citizens, small groups, or organizations, this should be done discreetly
so the act of destruction is not perceived as a protest or desecration.
The ceremony should be respectful and relatively private, consisting of
invited guests only. Many American Legion
Posts conduct "Disposal of Unserviceable Flag Ceremonies" on 14 June,
Flag Day.
In addition to the American Legion, all other major veterans'
organizations have their own ceremonies for flag retirement. Likewise,
the Girl Scouts and the Boy Scouts of America also perform ceremonies.
While there is no single standard procedure to which one may refer when
confronted with the matter of retiring the flag, below are two examples
of guidelines for the conduct of flag-disposal ceremonies.
General Flag Retirement Ceremony
An empty chair may be included as a "Place of Honor" for those
lovers of Old Glory who have passed on or are too infirm to attend.
BEGIN CEREMONY
Include a chaplain or prayer per your tradition. Ceremony leader: "We are gathered here to destroy
these flags that have been deemed no longer serviceable. It is
proclaimed that each of these flags has served well. These flags have
inspired those who desired the taste of freedom and have represented
hope to those oppressed by tyranny and terror. These flags have welcomed
any and all in the name of liberty."
"The American flag flies free to the wind. The American flag flies
above residential porches, camp sites, small businesses, corporate
offices, hospitals, schools, military and naval bases, government
buildings and nonprofit organizations. The American flag is the most
displayed and recognized banner in the world. These flags serve as
constant reminders to all of us that we live in a country where our
freedom has been deeply purchased by blood, sweat, tears and ultimate
sacrifice. We must not forsake what those in the service to this flag,
and their families, have forfeited."
"We have here this day an empty Place of Honor for those who cannot
attend due to devastating injury, infirmity and death. Please direct
your attention to the Place of Honor as I read today's names of (use number) of those patriots. In your mind's eye see these people and think about them."
"To all who shall see these presents, greeting. Know ye that these
flags have served well and honorably. Their stars and stripes have been
loosed to the winds of freedom and have basked in the light of liberty."
CALL ATTENTION
Ceremony leader: "Please rise." Those that can in the audience rise
"Please join me to recite the Pledge of Allegiance:" (PAUSE) All: "'I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United
States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation
under God, indivisible with liberty and justice for all.'"
STAND AT EASE
Ceremony leader: "You may be seated."
"The U.S. Flag Code states, 'The flag, when it is in such condition
that it is no longer a fitting emblem for display, should be destroyed
in a dignified way, preferably by burning.'" (OPTIONAL: Dedicate this ceremony to an individual American who
loved the flag and read previously obtained info about the honoree.)
CALL ATTENTION
Ceremony leader: "Please rise." Staff member inserts one properly folded flag into the incinerator or fire. Sing or recite the first stanza of "God Bless America"
All: "'While the storm clouds gather far across the sea,
Let us swear allegiance to a land that's free,
Let us all be grateful for a land so fair,
As we raise our voices in a solemn prayer.'"
All: "'God bless America,
Land that I love.
Stand beside her, and guide her
Thru the night with a light from above.
From the mountains, to the prairies,
To the oceans, white with foam
God bless America, my home sweet home.'"
STAND AT EASE
Ceremony leader: "Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes the ceremony. God bless America." When guests have departed, staff members and volunteers burn the remaining flags.
BSA Flag Retirement Ceremony 1
The American flag should be folded and the Troop is assembled in
parallel line formation. A five-member retirement crew is assembled in
line in front of the Troop. An additional person (the cutter) is
assembled beside them, with scissors.
Ceremony leader: "In a few moments, we will be
retiring the flag of the United States of America.
This is a solemn
ceremony, and we ask that you all show the proper respect for the flag
and those who have fought so hard for it and all it represents. Please
stand remain quiet until the ceremony is finished."
"The following is a direct quotation from the beginning of Title 36,
Section 176, of the laws of the United States of America: 'No disrespect
should be shown the flag of the United States of America.' Furthermore,
Paragraph K of Title 36, Section 176 states, 'The Flag, when it is in
such condition that it is no longer a fitting emblem for display, should
be destroyed in a dignified manner, preferably by burning.'"
We will now retire the flag.
The five-member retirement crew will hold the flag before and
after it is cut. (In the event of a very oversized flag, Scouts and
leaders may be asked to come forth from the assembly to help hold the
flag.) One retirement crew member should be holding each corner of the
flag, with the fifth person following the cutter to receive the 13th
stripe when it is cut.
Cutting and folding order is as follows:
1.First cut: the 13th stripe, cutting from the grommet end, and it is rolled as it is cut.
2.Second cut: from the top and
along the edge of the blue field to the bottom of the flag. (The cutter
may want to continue this cut and make a small cut in the stripe section
to show where the side of the blue field ended.)
3.Third cut: the blue field away from the stripes below it.
4.First fold: the blue field is folded into a triangle (cutter assists).
5.Second fold: the 13th stripe section is folded into a square (cutter assists, crew members holding the sections then remain in place.)
6.Fourth cut: the large stripe section along the stripe where the bottom of the blue field ended.
7.Third fold: the square stripe section is folded into a square.
8.Fifth cut: from the small cut in the large stripe section, through the stripes.
9.Fourth and fifth folds: the final two square stripe sections
10. Captain calls the retirement crew to face appropriate direction
Before proceeding to the fire, the retirement crew should arrange in the following flag section order:
1. 13th stripe
2. lower part of all stripe section
3. upper part of all stripe section
4. stripe section below blue field
5. blue field
At the fire, the retirement crew falls into a single file line facing the audience in the same order.
If using music, start music, and as the music begins, the
ceremony leader begins to speak. (Music suggested is the song "An
Epithaph To War" from the James Horner soundtrack for the motion picture
"Glory")
Ceremony leader: "Our flag is the symbol of our country. Have you ever stopped to think what the flag really means?"
"The blue in our flag stands for the valor with which our ancestors
fought and died in the many battles that have been fought for our
country and all for which it stands."
"The white stands for the purity in all of our hearts. It also
represents the honor that each of us should show in our everyday lives."
"The red stands for all of the men and women who have died in the
service of our country, both as members of the armed forces, and as
everyday citizens."
"Our flag has been carried into every battle into which there have
been United States citizens, from the American Revolution to the Civil
War, to World War I and World War II, to the Korean Conflict, from
Vietnam to Desert Storm and the fight for freedom in the Middle East. It
has flown over some battles that were never declared, such as Beirut
where the Marine barracks were blown up by terrorists. In New York City
it flew over ruins from a cowardly attack. In all of these, we, the
American People, have stayed true to the values that the flag
represents. We should always value the sacrifices that have been made
for our flag and the country that it represents."
"We have an old friend here who has fulfilled his duty to our country. He has become worn and tattered and we are here (today or tonight)
to retire him with honor. We shouldn't be sad about the retirement of
our friend. We are not burning him in anger, our friend can continue to
serve in our thoughts."
(PAUSE) Ceremony leader: "Would all the Veterans in the audience please come down and form a line behind the flag?"
Veterans come and stand behind the flag retirement crew. When all are in place, the ceremony leader continues.
Ceremony leader: "I now call the holder of the 13th
stripe to place the 13th stripe, which stands for the 13th colony on the
coast of the Atlantic in 1776, now the State of Georgia, on the fire."
The crew member with the 13th stripe steps out from the line,
walks to the fire, places the stripe on the fire and salutes it (salute
should be a fast up and slow down); then returning to the line.
Ceremony leader: "I now call the holders of the other four sections of the flag to place the sections, in order, on the fire."
The crew members all follow suit in the same order which will
result in the blue field being the last section placed on the fire, each
crew member saluting as when placing each piece on the fire. As the
last crew member, with the blue field, places the last section on the
fire, the ceremony leader calls the entire assembly to salute.
Ceremony leader: "Scouts! Salute!"
As the last section, the blue field, is placed on the fire, taps
is played and the salute continues for the duration. At the end of taps,
the ceremony leader calls everyone to stand down. The crew members
returns to their places in the retirement line.
Ceremony leader: "Ready! Tu!"
"Veterans, we thank you for joining us in our salute, you may now
return to your places. We also thank the retirement crew for their
assistance and you may return to your places."
BSA Flag Retirement Ceremony 2
Ceremony leader: "Title 36, Section 176, of the
United States Code states: 'No disrespect should be shown to the flag of
the United States of America;' Furthermore, Paragraph (K) of this same
Title 36, Section 176, states: 'The flag, when it is in such condition
that it is no longer a fitting emblem for display, should be destroyed
in a dignified way, preferably by burning.'
The BSA publication 'Our Flag' states: 'When the national flag is
worn beyond repair, burn it thoroughly and completely on a modest, but
blazing fire. This should be done in a simple manner with dignity and
respect. Be sure the flag is reduced to ashes unrecognizable as a former
flag.'""
The flag(s) we retire tonight has served us well, but due to its
condition it is no longer suitable for display. A fresh new flag now
flies in its place, to carry on the honor and dignity of 'Old Glory'
which flew many years ago.
Tonight we will retire this great symbol of freedom throughout the
world. Please remain silent until directed otherwise. Absolute dignity
must be maintained throughout the entire ceremony!"
To the burial fire we add ...
Redwood to remind us of the red-blooded Americans who fought and died to build our nation under this flag.
Oak for rugged strength that carried the flag across this nation and today reaches for the stars.
Cedar to protect us from pestilence and corruption and preserve our American way of life.
Walnut to remind us of the rich soil, the beautiful countryside and the fruitful brotherhood founded by our ancestors."
Ceremony leader to audience: "Please stand."
Ceremony leader: "Color guard present the colors to be retired."
Color Guard:Prepare to place flag in the fire:
Flag should be carried waist high, parallel to the ground by four to six
Scouts in full class A uniform, one on each corner and one on each long
side if necessary. Stop just in front of the fire.
Ceremony leader to audience: "Scout Salute, or if you are out of uniform place your hand over your heart."
Color Guard:Walk the flag into the middle of
the fire. Lower the flag into the fire, slow enough that it starts
burning, but fast enough that the flames to not burn the carriers hands.
Flip the corners of the flag into the fire to be burned.
Ceremony leader: "We are drawn here together in the
sight of God to pay our last respects to this symbol of our great
nation, America, the land of the free and the home of the brave. Please
join with me in reciting the pledge of allegiance."
All: "'I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United
States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one nation
under God, indivisible with liberty and justice for all.'"
Ceremony leader: "Tu!"
Ceremony leader: Divide group into 3 parts to sing "America, America."
"'America, America
How can I tell you how I feel.
You have given me many treasures.
I love you so...'"
Stagger each part. (The approach to performing the song can change with
the group. You may decide to invite the attendees to sing one stanza.)
Dismiss 1st section from the campfire humming the song while they leave. The other two sections continue singing the words.
Next, dismiss 2nd section from the campfire humming the song while they leave. The last section continues singing the words.
Finally, dismiss last section from the campfire humming the song while they leave.
SOURCE: THE PATRIOT POST
"This blog or any content... on my facebook site may contain copyrighted material. Such material is made available for educational purposes, to advance understanding of human rights, democracy, scientific, moral, ethical, and social justice issues, etc. This constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 of the US Copyright Law. This material is distributed without profit. This blog does not always agree with certain personal views of the published authors, but I will overlook such views many times in order to gain knowledge from the more important subject matter of the article/op-ed."
that Roberts switched his vote, and that the dissent makes this clear.
